How does a salary sacrifice car scheme work?
You agree to give up part of your salary and in exchange your employer provides a car, usually through a leasing arrangement with a scheme provider. Because you are treated as having the use of a company car, you are charged Benefit-in-Kind tax on it, calculated as the car's P11D value multiplied by an appropriate percentage set by its CO2 emissions.
This works differently from a pension or Cycle to Work sacrifice, where the sacrificed amount simply stops being part of your taxable income. With a car, the Benefit-in-Kind charge replaces part of that saving, which is why low-emission and electric cars are usually the ones worth sacrificing for. Enter your salary and car above to compare.
How does a salary sacrifice car scheme work?
You agree to give up part of your salary, and in exchange your employer provides a car, usually through a leasing arrangement with a scheme provider. Because you’re now treated as having the use of a company car, you’re charged Benefit-in-Kind (BIK) tax on it, calculated as the car’s P11D value multiplied by an “appropriate percentage” that depends on its CO2 emissions.
This is a different mechanism from a pension or Cycle to Work sacrifice, where the sacrificed amount simply stops being part of your taxable income. With a car, the sacrificed amount reduces your cash salary, but the car’s Benefit-in-Kind value is then added back on top for Income Tax purposes, so the real saving depends heavily on how low that Benefit-in-Kind value is.
Why electric cars are different: the low-emission exemption
Since 2017, optional remuneration arrangement (OpRA) rules mean that for most salary sacrifice benefits, including higher-emission cars, you’re taxed on whichever is higher: the salary you sacrifice, or the item’s normal Benefit-in-Kind value. For an ordinary petrol or diesel car, the Benefit-in-Kind value is often close to or higher than a realistic sacrifice amount anyway, which typically removes any tax advantage from sacrificing.
Cars with CO2 emissions of 75g/km or below, including every fully electric car, are exempt from that comparison. You’re simply taxed on the normal Benefit-in-Kind value, which for a pure electric car is only 4% of its P11D value for 2026/27. That low percentage, not any special car-specific tax break, is what makes electric car salary sacrifice schemes so much more tax-efficient than sacrificing for a conventional car.
Benefit-in-Kind rates for electric and low-emission cars
| Car type | Appropriate % |
|---|---|
| Fully electric (0g/km) | 4% |
| Plug-in hybrid, 130+ mile range | 4% |
| Plug-in hybrid, 70-129 mile range | 7% |
| Plug-in hybrid, 40-69 mile range | 10% |
| Plug-in hybrid, 30-39 mile range | 14% |
| Plug-in hybrid, 0-29 mile range | 16% |
All cars in this table have CO2 emissions of 50g/km or below, so they qualify for the low-emission exemption described above. Enter your car’s CO2 figure and, if relevant, its electric-only range in the calculator to get the exact percentage automatically.
What about petrol and diesel cars?
Cars above 75g/km CO2 are charged Benefit-in-Kind at rates from 17% up to a maximum of 37% of P11D value, rising by CO2 band, with a further 4 percentage point supplement for diesel cars that don’t meet the RDE2 emissions standard. Because the OpRA “higher of” rule applies above the exemption threshold, sacrificing salary for one of these cars usually gives little or no Income Tax saving, even though you may still see a modest National Insurance saving on the reduced cash salary. The “petrol car” example further down this page shows this in practice.
P11D value and how Benefit-in-Kind is calculated
A car’s P11D value is its list price, including VAT, delivery charges and any factory-fitted options, but excluding the first year’s Vehicle Excise Duty and registration fee. It’s usually higher than any negotiated discount price, and your scheme provider or leasing company will normally quote it directly. The Benefit-in-Kind cash value is simply the P11D value multiplied by the appropriate percentage for the car’s emissions, and that cash value, not the amount you sacrifice, is what Income Tax is charged on for a qualifying low-emission car.
National Insurance and student loans on a salary sacrifice car
You pay employee National Insurance on your reduced cash salary only, since the car’s Benefit-in-Kind value isn’t liable for employee National Insurance. Instead, your employer pays a separate Class 1A National Insurance charge on the Benefit-in-Kind value, currently 15%, which doesn’t affect your take-home pay. Student loan repayments are also based on your reduced cash salary only, since HMRC has confirmed benefits that are subject to Class 1A National Insurance only, such as a company car, don’t count as income for student loan deduction purposes.
Car scheme examples
These examples compare the take-home pay effect of electric, hybrid and petrol cars. The petrol example highlights how the low-emission exemption changes the result.
Popular family EV
£40,000 P11D · 0g/km · £5,400 sacrificed
- BIK appropriate %
- 4%
- Take-home falls by
- £4,208/yr
Compact EV, Plan 2 student loan
£28,000 P11D · 0g/km · £3,600 sacrificed
- BIK appropriate %
- 4%
- Take-home falls by
- £2,581/yr
Plug-in hybrid, 45-mile range
£35,000 P11D · 35g/km · £4,200 sacrificed
- BIK appropriate %
- 10%
- Take-home falls by
- £3,570/yr
Petrol car, for comparison
£25,000 P11D · 140g/km · £6,000 sacrificed
- BIK appropriate %
- 34%
- Take-home falls by
- £6,020/yr
Frequently asked questions
01How much can I save with an electric car salary sacrifice scheme?
Usually a substantial amount, because fully electric cars only attract a 4% Benefit-in-Kind rate for 2026/27, applied to the car's P11D value, rather than being taxed on the salary you actually sacrifice. On a typical family EV, the tax bill on that low Benefit-in-Kind figure is often far less than the Income Tax and National Insurance you'd otherwise pay on the same amount of salary, which is why electric car salary sacrifice schemes have become popular with both employees and employers. Enter your own numbers in the calculator above for an exact figure.
02Why don't petrol and diesel cars save much tax through salary sacrifice?
Because of the optional remuneration arrangement (OpRA) rules introduced in 2017. For any car with CO2 emissions above 75g/km, you're taxed on whichever is higher: the salary you sacrifice, or the car's normal Benefit-in-Kind value. Since Benefit-in-Kind rates for higher-emission cars can reach up to 37% of the P11D value, this comparison usually means you end up taxed as if you'd simply been paid the salary and bought the car yourself, removing the tax advantage. Ultra-low-emission cars (75g/km or below, including all electric cars) are exempt from this comparison, which is why the saving is concentrated there.
03What is Benefit-in-Kind tax on a company car?
It's the Income Tax charged on the value of a car your employer provides for private use. HMRC calculates a taxable amount each year by multiplying the car's P11D value by an "appropriate percentage" that depends on its CO2 emissions (and, for plug-in hybrids, its electric range), then adds that figure to your taxable income. Unlike salary, it isn't liable for employee National Insurance, your employer pays a separate Class 1A National Insurance charge on it instead.
04Which P11D value should I use for a salary sacrifice car?
It's the car's list price, including VAT, delivery charges and any factory-fitted options, but excluding the first year's Vehicle Excise Duty and the vehicle registration fee. It's usually higher than what you'd actually pay after any discount, and it's fixed for the life of the car regardless of any negotiated price, mileage, or age. Your leasing company or employer's scheme provider will normally give you this figure directly.
05Do I pay National Insurance on a salary sacrifice car?
You pay employee National Insurance on your reduced cash salary, the same as with any salary sacrifice arrangement, but you don't pay employee National Insurance on the car's Benefit-in-Kind value itself. Your employer pays a separate Class 1A National Insurance charge on the Benefit-in-Kind, currently 15%, which doesn't affect your take-home pay directly.
06Does a salary sacrifice car affect my student loan repayments?
Your student loan repayment is based on your reduced cash salary, so sacrificing salary for a car does reduce it, in the same way a pension sacrifice would. The car's Benefit-in-Kind value itself isn't counted as income for student loan purposes, since it's only liable for employer Class 1A National Insurance rather than the Class 1 National Insurance that student loan deductions are linked to.
07What happens if I don't know the car's electric-only range?
For plug-in hybrids with CO2 emissions between 1 and 50g/km, the Benefit-in-Kind percentage depends entirely on the official electric-only range, so it's worth checking your scheme provider's quote or the car's official specification rather than guessing. Fully electric cars (0g/km) and conventional petrol or diesel cars (51g/km and above) don't need a range figure at all, since their percentage is set directly by CO2 emissions.
08Is a salary sacrifice car scheme worth it?
For a fully electric or other ultra-low-emission car, usually yes, since the tax and National Insurance saving on the sacrificed salary is rarely matched by buying or leasing privately, on top of often getting fleet pricing, insurance and maintenance bundled in. For a higher-emission petrol or diesel car, it's much less likely to be worthwhile purely on tax grounds, given the OpRA rules described above, though there can still be convenience benefits like inclusive maintenance. This calculator only estimates the tax effect, not the full value of what's included in a scheme.
09What is the OpRA rule for cars?
OpRA stands for optional remuneration arrangement, the set of rules HMRC introduced in April 2017 to stop salary sacrifice being used to get a low tax charge on benefits that would otherwise cost more in cash. For cars specifically, it means you're taxed on the higher of your salary sacrificed or the car's normal Benefit-in-Kind value, unless the car's CO2 emissions are 75g/km or below, in which case only the normal Benefit-in-Kind value applies.
10Will electric car Benefit-in-Kind rates stay this low?
Not indefinitely. The government has already set out a rising schedule for fully electric cars: 3% in 2025/26, 4% in 2026/27, 5% in 2027/28, then larger increases to 7% in 2028/29 and 9% in 2029/30. Even at 9%, electric cars are still likely to remain far cheaper to tax than an equivalent petrol or diesel car, but the saving will be smaller than it is today, which is worth bearing in mind for a multi-year lease agreement.
Car scheme and tax assumptions
The car scheme comparison assumes:
- A single, stable annual salary with no other income, bonuses, or benefits in kind beyond the car itself.
- For cars at or below 75g/km CO2, only the Benefit-in-Kind value is taxed. Above that threshold, the higher of the sacrifice amount or the Benefit-in-Kind value is taxed, following the OpRA rules.
- Employee National Insurance and student loan repayments are calculated on cash salary only; Income Tax is calculated on cash salary plus the taxable amount described above.
- National Insurance and Income Tax are calculated on an annualised basis, matching a salary paid evenly across the year.
- All figures are rounded to the nearest penny.
For pension salary sacrifice, which works differently, see the salary sacrifice pension calculator. Full source citations for every rate and threshold used are also listed on the About & methodology page.
Sources
Tax figures for 2026/27 are taken directly from:
- Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances (GOV.UK)
- Income Tax in Scotland (GOV.UK)
- Scottish Income Tax: rates and bands 2026 to 2027 (gov.scot)
- Rates and thresholds for employers 2026 to 2027 (GOV.UK)
- National Insurance rates and categories (GOV.UK)
- Salary sacrifice and the effects on PAYE (GOV.UK)
- Tax on your private pension contributions: Annual Allowance (GOV.UK)
- Tapered annual allowance explained 2026/27 (MoneyHelper)
- Money purchase annual allowance (MPAA) (MoneyHelper)
- National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage rates (GOV.UK)
- Maximum weekly working hours (GOV.UK)
- Personal Allowances: adjusted net income (GOV.UK)
- Child Benefit tax charge (GOV.UK)
- Child Benefit rates (GOV.UK)
- Company car benefit: the appropriate percentage, 480 Appendix 2 (GOV.UK)
- Capital Gains Tax rates and allowances (GOV.UK)
- Capital Gains Tax allowances (GOV.UK)
- Business Asset Disposal Relief (GOV.UK)
- Repaying your student loan: how much you repay (GOV.UK)
- When your student loan gets written off or cancelled (GOV.UK)
Further company car guidance referenced on this page: